Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin and non–immunoglobulin genes
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Immunoglobulin somatic hypermutation.
The immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire achieves functional diversification through several somatic alterations of the Ig locus. One of these processes, somatic hypermutation (SHM), deposits point mutations into the variable region of the Ig gene to generate higher-affinity variants. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) converts cytidine to uridine to initiate the hypermutation process. Error...
متن کاملDNA polymerases and somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes.
Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes, which increases antibody diversity, is initiated by the activation-induced cytosine deaminase (AID) protein. The current DNA-deamination model posits that AID deaminates cytosine to uracil in DNA, and that mutations are generated by DNA polymerases during replication or repair of the uracil residue. Mutations could arise as follows: by DNA...
متن کاملSomatic Hypermutation Introduces Insertions and Deletions into Immunoglobulin V Genes
During a germinal center reaction, random mutations are introduced into immunoglobulin V genes to increase the affinity of antibody molecules and to further diversify the B cell repertoire. Antigen-directed selection of B cell clones that generate high affinity surface Ig results in the affinity maturation of the antibody response. The mutations of Ig genes are typically basepair substitutions,...
متن کاملSomatic Hypermutation of Immunoglobulin Genes Merging Mechanisms for Genetic Diversity
Somatic hypermutation is critical for the generation of high-affinity antibodies and effective immune responses, but its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Recent studies have identified DNA strand lesions associated with the hypermutation process and suggested the involvement of specific repair molecules and pathways. Particularly exciting has been the discovery of a putative RNA e...
متن کاملEpstein-Barr virus and the somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes in Burkitt's lymphoma cells.
It has been suggested that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) might suppress antibody maturation either by facilitating bypass of the germinal center reaction or by inhibiting hypermutation directly. However, by infecting the Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell line Ramos, which hypermutates constitutively and can be considered a transformed analogue of a germinal center B cell, with EBV as well as by transfect...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
سال: 2001
ISSN: 0962-8436,1471-2970
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2000.0743